Glossary |
Terms that are on use on this site.
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| There are 111 entries in the glossary. |
| Pages: «1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 » |
| Pathogenic | Capable of causing disease. |
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| Peptide | A compound of two or more amino acids (the building blocks of all protein molecules). |
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| Phyto | Derived from plants. |
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| Phytochemicals | Chemicals derived from plants. |
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| Phytostanols | see sterols and stanols. Phyto means derived from plants. |
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| Phytosterols | see sterols and stanols. Phyto means derived from plants. |
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| Policosanol | The generic term used for a mixture of long chain fatty alcohols, derived chiefly from the waxy coating of sugar cane and used as a dietary supplement to lower cholesterol levels.,br />Policosanol belongs to a family of wax-like phytochemicals prevalent throughout nature. This substance is used in the dietary supplement industry sourced from several foods that include: sugar cane, rice bran, beeswax, broccoli, spinach, alfalfa and oats. Sugar cane derived Policosanol is a new face on the cholesterol scene in the United States but is a popular hypocholesterolemic in other countries. The main Policosanol form in sugar cane is Octacosanol, a long-chain fatty alcohol found in the waxy film that covers the leaves and fruit of the plants that contain it. Triacontanol & Octacosanol are the main components of the Policosanol complex followed by Tetracosanol and Hexacosanol all which are found naturally within Octacosanol. |
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| Prebiotics | Are non-digestible food ingredients that beneficially affect the host by selectively stimulating the growth of one or a limited number of bacteria in the colon. The colonic bacteria to be stimulated are Bifidobacterium and/or Lactobacilli. The non-digestible character of Prebiotics is a feature shared with dietary fibre but their physiological functions are often different. Thus, the Prebiotics are very selective in their growth stimulation and at the same time they suppress many pathogenic bacteria present in the microbiota because they can only use the Prebiotic ingredient for growth to a limited extent or not at all. Thus, the Prebiotic principle is based on selective stimulation of those colonic microorganisms able to break down (hydrolyse) the Prebiotics to carbohydrate monomers (simple carbohydrates) and use those for growth. Two principal types commonly used are: 1. Mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) that bind potentially harmful bacteria in the gut and allow beneficial bugs to dominate; also assists immune function. 2. Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) that deliver fructans into the fore gut to #39;feed#39; the acid producing bacteria (the families of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium). Other useful prebiotics include: Galactooligosaccharides, Xylitol (Xyllooligosaccharides), Manitol, Sorbitol, Arabinogalatose, etc. |
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| Prevachol® (pradastatin) | A chemically modified version of the statin found in nature. |
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| Probiotics | Probiotics are living microorganisms (bacterial or yeast) which upon ingestion in certain numbers exert health benefits beyond inherent basic nutrition. Probiotic means "for life" (as opposed to antibiotic which means "anti life"). All known Probiotic bacteria belong to the group called lactic acid bacteria, which in this context includes the species Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Leuconostoc, Pediococcus, Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus. To be a successful Probiotic, the bacteria must fulfil the following criteria: Be safe (e.g. of human origin and non-pathogenic) Be resistant to technologic processes and exert minimal sensory influence on the Probiotic food. Be resistant to passage through the gastrointestinal tract (gastric acidity and bile acids). Adhere to the gut epithelial tissue and possess growth capability. Provide health benefits. |
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Glossary V2.0 |
